O-304 (ATX-304) — Research, Dosing & Price Guide

O-304 is a novel small-molecule AMPK activator developed by Betagenon AB that directly activates AMPK by preventing its dephosphorylation. Unlike indirect AMPK activators, O-304 maintains AMPK in its active phosphorylated state, producing exercise-mimetic and glucose-lowering effects. It has completed Phase IIa clinical trials for type 2 diabetes with promising results.

O-304 activates AMPK through a unique mechanism — it inhibits the protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate (deactivate) AMPK at its Thr172 site, rather than mimicking AMP or directly binding to AMPK's allosteric sites. This preserves physiological AMPK regulation while amplifying the signal. The downstream effects include increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle via GLUT4 translocation, enhanced fatty acid oxidation, reduced hepatic glucose output, and stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. O-304 also improves microvascular perfusion by relaxing vascular smooth muscle, a unique property that distinguishes it from other AMPK activators and may contribute to improved insulin delivery to target tissues.

• Steneberg et al. (2018) in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism reported O-304 reduced fasting blood glucose by 0.7 mmol/L in type 2 diabetic patients in a Phase IIa trial
• The same trial demonstrated improved microvascular perfusion measured by laser Doppler imaging
• Preclinical studies showed O-304 improved glucose tolerance and reduced body weight in diet-induced obese mice
• Research demonstrated O-304's unique mechanism of preventing AMPK dephosphorylation rather than mimicking AMP
• Animal studies showed improved cardiac function and reduced cardiac hypertrophy with O-304 treatment

• Phase IIa clinical trial dose: 500 mg orally twice daily with meals
• No established off-label or research community protocol exists
• Clinical trials lasted 28 days with continued benefit observed
• Oral bioavailability allows simple administration without injection
• Being studied as a potential oral exercise mimetic and diabetes treatment
• Not widely available outside clinical research settings

Known Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal discomfort — mild nausea and diarrhea reported in clinical trials
• Hypoglycemia risk — particularly when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas
• Headache — reported in some trial participants
• Limited side effect data due to early-stage clinical development

Safety Profile

O-304 demonstrated a favorable safety profile in its Phase IIa clinical trial, with no serious adverse events attributed to the drug. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common complaints, generally mild and self-resolving. As an AMPK activator, the theoretical risk of hypoglycemia exists when combined with other glucose-lowering agents. Long-term safety data is not yet available. The compound is still in clinical development and not approved for any indication. Access is limited to clinical trial settings and select research suppliers.

Week 1: Subtle improvements in blood glucose stability may be measurable. No dramatic subjective effects expected. Week 2–3: Fasting glucose levels trend downward. Some users may notice improved exercise endurance or recovery. Week 4+: Clinical trial data showed significant glucose-lowering and microvascular improvements at this timeframe. Body composition changes may begin to emerge with consistent use. As an early-stage compound, user experience data is very limited compared to established peptides.

Prices sourced from peptides.gg marketplace. Prices may vary.